Goodhart's law - Wikipedia A related problem is expressed with Goodharts law. When a measure becomes a target, it ceases to be a good measure.
Home ownership was a measure of prosperity, stability, and economic success. Then we converted it to a target. With Fannie, Freddie, Ellie, Ginnie, plus the Fed and the Treasury, we subsidized home ownership financial costs to maximize it. Home ownership ceased to be a good measure of wealth. Converting the measure to a socially subsidized target took down most of the planets economy, wiped out the home construction business, boosted national debt and inflation... All because we converted the measure to the target.
K12 education is even closer to your question. Surveys/rankings/accreditation overwhelmingly measure money and spending, either directly or by proxy. Almost nothing is done to measure actual teaching effectiveness. Partly because that is not an easy thing to do.
Within the context of the statement and this example: We value money. So we measure money. Spending is the number one contribution to higher rankings of education quality. Spending more is always BETTER.
Thus, raw total spending is a proxy for what we value. Money. In the extreme, education is irrelevant to the process of the value signalling of total spending.
Another example might be the value of cars. Higher prices implies better. They cost more, so they have to be better? Therefore commuting in a multimillion dollar M1 Abrams Tank is the ultimate value statement. The very most expensive vehicle wins.
An Indecent Proposal dances around the concept of price and value as well.
There is quite a bit of psychology hidden around the edges and in plain sight.